Materials and Methods of Research Paper

<h1>Materials and Methods of Research Paper</h1><p>The Materials and Methods area are the last piece of your exploration paper. It takes a top to bottom gander at the information that was gathered and how it was deciphered. This area is otherwise called the Data Analysis.</p><p></p><p>As a scientist you ought to have an essential comprehension of an alternate field of study, with the goal that you can unmistakably comprehend the investigation in the Materials and Methods segment. You ought to have the option to clarify what you are concentrating in an unmistakable way. Additionally, there ought to be appropriate help for all the ends made in the section.</p><p></p><p>Always recollect that the examination area of an exploration paper is vital. The information is just in the same class as the translation done by the creator. One can just accept the information that they present. A poor report area will prompt a poor outc ome in your examination paper.</p><p></p><p>There are different reasons why one should make an exploration paper. One explanation is to get acknowledgment from his/her scholarly partners. Another explanation is to be distributed in the top diaries. One more explanation is to assist his/her family financially.</p><p></p><p>The primary reason for any exploration paper is to show that it has been inquired about appropriately. The explanation behind this is you need the world to comprehend what you have realized in your investigations. Thus, the materials and strategies segment of the examination paper are very important.</p><p></p><p>Here is a straightforward case of the Materials and Methods area of an exploration paper. Assume you are examining the impacts of raising sheep on their fleece quality. You may initially need to gather all the information that is pertinent to your study.</p><p></p>< ;p>You will at that point need to list down all the information that you have gathered on a specific parameter. It might incorporate information with respect to the area of the sheep or the season they were raised. All the information that you have assembled might be in printed copy, the hard-cast, or computerized structure. Regardless, you have to take note of the spot and date of every perception that you have made.</p><p></p><p>You should then think about the fundamental information that you have gathered to other comparable reports from different creators. You may utilize this correlation with show how your examination matches with other comparable research. Every one of these records ought to be remembered for the Materials and Methods area of your examination paper.</p>

How to Use Nursing Goals Essay Samples

<h1>How to Use Nursing Goals Essay Samples</h1><p>Preparing a nursing objectives exposition can be very hard for the individuals who have no clue about where to begin. The absence of motivation can leave most understudies feeling demoralized and unsatisfied with their work. This article will offer some valuable and simple to-follow tips for making nursing objectives and when it is proper to utilize them in your essay.</p><p></p><p>One significant undertaking to finish is to distinguish the fundamental subjects of your paper. You will most likely be unable to simply write down certain musings and afterward read them through, particularly in the event that you are composing without any preparation. There are many nursing objective paper tests that are more nitty gritty than this, yet it will assist you with beginning. There are numerous thoughts that can be based around the subjects you select.</p><p></p><p>Once you have settled on a theme, you should decide the central matters that you need to make. Try to incorporate your suppositions about every thought that rings a bell. You may need to change your exposition a few times until you have ordered a successful yet compact outline.</p><p></p><p>The next thing that you should do is work out the entirety of the data that you are going to utilize. Try not to stress over the measure of time that you spend on this piece of the procedure. You would prefer not to invest an excessive amount of time thinking and afterward burn through the entirety of your effort composing everything out.</p><p></p><p>You can utilize nursing objectives as an approach to grab the eye of a potential business or for school level courses. Numerous individuals expect that these articles are not worth a lot in the event that they are introduced by those without experience. The facts confirm that this will just influence the scores tha t are doled out. Notwithstanding, it does not merit leaving behind this opportunity to truly exhibit what you are able to do on the off chance that you are happy to accomplish the difficult work important to make it.</p><p></p><p>Makesure that you make a diagram for the whole nursing objectives exposition tests that you have composed. Make certain to clarify the principle thoughts that you might want to feature. This is significant with the goal that you can follow the headings clearly.</p><p></p><p>If you decide to compose this kind of paper all alone, at that point you should give yourself an opportunity to get the data in. So as to guarantee that you are using sound judgment, it is useful to request that somebody help you out. You may need to recruit an expert proofreader, or if nothing else someone else to alter it for you.</p><p></p><p>Nursing objectives article tests can set aside a great deal of effort to finish, yet they can be exceptionally useful. The entirety of the data ought to be composed effectively and you ought to have the option to utilize the data with no trouble. By setting aside this effort to accomplish the difficult work, you will wind up composing a successful yet brief essay.</p>

Essay Questions That Will Help You Write the Best College Application Essay

Essay Questions That Will Help You Write the Best College Application EssayIf you are one of the thousands of students who are struggling to get into their top-choice college or university then you are probably overwhelmed with the sheer number of essay questions that you will need to answer. A great many college admissions officers will not only look at your entire application package but will have shortlisted every essay question you have to answer in order to see if they match the criteria that they require.Therefore, you must be in the best possible position to answer all of these questions effectively. If you are not certain where to start and what to write, you might want to read on for some valuable advice. All of this will make it much easier for you to write an effective application essay and help you succeed.The first step to writing a college application essay is to understand what exactly it is you are applying for. You may have heard people say that you are applying for admission to a public university or technical college. However, remember that there are hundreds of different types of universities, so make sure that you do not make it difficult for yourself by entering incorrect information. Even though it may seem impossible, it is worth your while to take the time to explore all of the possibilities before you enter them in your application.The second step is to decide how you are going to relate to the college and university you are applying to. For example, if you are applying to study engineering, you should try to relate your skills and experiences to the field of engineering. Try to think about the issues that you would like to have handled by an engineering school, or perhaps the types of courses that are required in your area. However, remember that you should remember that the colleges and universities are looking for applicants who will contribute to the general educational goals of the university.Thethird step to writing a college app lication essay is to think about how you will fit into the university environment. Again, remember that you will be answering several different essays so your college application is more than likely going to be more than one page long. If you cannot find the space to spellcheck and edit your essays, consider creating a post-it note pad and then penning each of your essays. Make sure that you fill in all the blanks in order to ensure that you get an outstanding essay.Finally, the final step to writing a college application essay is to ensure that you know where you are going to college. This is the most important point because the college will determine which subject you will study and will be taking into account your other qualifications. Try to think about the experiences and skills that you possess and your ability to understand them in relation to the subject matter. For example, if you would like to be a medical doctor, then you should work out how you will have to take courses that include medical procedures and how you will have to study medical terminology.So, you can see that there are many essay questions to be answered and you need to be aware of all of the tips above. By following these guidelines you will help you to produce a much better essay that is likely to stand out from the rest of the rest.By following these tips you will soon have completed some of the best essay questions you will ever face. Remember that it is possible to ask yourself these questions and get the answers that you need in order to provide yourself with a professional and effective application essay.

Critical evaluation of coca colas corporate communication strategy - Free Essay Example

1. INTRODUCTION Communication is the medium through which companies both large and small access the vital resources they need to operate (van Riel 1995). Without effective and integrated communication systems an organization will be unable to develop an appropriate structure for its corporate communication strategy. Given that its corporate communication entails selectively communicating the organizations views and objectives to its stakeholders (whom it relies on for the success of its business), it can therefore be described as a key management strategy. This report will critically assess Coca Colas Corporate Communication strategy through the evaluation of communication frameworks and models. It will look at the internal structure of Coca-Colas organization and how the company utilises corporate communication strategies to both epitomize their corporate identity to stakeholders and improve their reputation. It also looks at the corporate ethics and culture of the company and the impact of Corporate Communication management on the organisation 1.1 Background Information The Coca-Cola Company: Coca-Cola was invented on May 8, 1886, in Atlanta, Georgia by Dr. John Stith Pemberton. It was first offered as a fountain beverage by mixing Coca-Cola syrup with carbonated water. Coca-Cola was then patented in 1887, when another Atlanta pharmacist and businessman, Asa Candler bought the formula for Coca Cola from inventor John Pemberton for $2,300. It was registered as a trademark in 1893 and by 1895 it was being sold in every state and territory in the United States. By the late 1890s, Coca Cola was one of Americas most popular fountain drinks, largely due to Candlers aggressive marketing of the product. With Asa Candler, now at the helm, the Coca Cola Company increased syrup sales by over 4000% between 1890 and 1900. In 1899, The Coca-Cola Company began franchised bottling operations in the United States. Today the Coca-Cola Company operates in more than 200 countries and markets nearly 500 brands and 3,000 beverage products. The company employs over 92,400 associates worldwide and has a consumer serving (per day) of nearly 1.6 billion, with a net operating revenue of over $31.9billion (as of December 31, 2008). Throughout the world today, no other product is as immediately recognizable by its brand as Coca-Cola. (www.thecoca-colacompany.com.html, 2009) 2. CORPORATE COMMUNICATION Corporate refers to complete, entire or total entities of the organization, while communication means to impart, share or make common. Therefore, corporate communication can be defined as a total communication of the organization or integrating different messages of organizations under one banner (Christensen et al. 2007). Van Riel and C. Fombrun (2006, p.25), cite Jacksons (1987) definition of corporate communication as the total communication activity generated by a company to achieve its planned objectives. That total communication represents all the different forms of communication that is occurring within the organization, including marketing, managerial and organizational interaction. An organisation such as Coca-Colas corporate communication strategy plays an important role in aiding stakeholders understanding of the organization and communicating the organizations identity. Corporate communication within an organization is essential for the implementation of strategic objectives, build brand and reputation and thereby create economic value. It is therefore a set of activities involved in managing and orchestrating all internal and external communications aimed at creating favourable starting points with stakeholders on whom the companies depend (Fombrun and van Riel 2006). Freemans (1984, p. 46) stakeholder approach defines stakeholders as: any group or individual who can affect or is affected by the achievement of the firms objectives. The stakeholders of The Coca-Cola Company (see Figure 3 below), include: consumers, customers, suppliers, employees, government and regulators, NGOs The local communities Strong centralized functions with direct connection to the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) is the best way for a company to ensure the success of its corporate communication function. (Argenti, 1998). This was evident in Coca-Cola Company, under the leadership of the former CEO Douglas Ivester whose highly formalized, centralized organizational structure, with clear hierarchy of authority and a mechanistic management process has helped maintain control and drive aggressive marketing and expansion plans. This management structure was criticized by the external communities, claiming that the companys perspective was too global and ignored the local communities. Under the direction of the companys new CEO, Coca-Cola began decentralizing some of its activities in order to become more localized. Increased horizontal communication is now occurring within the organization. Sutherland and Canwell (2004, p.130) define horizontal communication as informal communication between peers or colleagues on the same level of the organizational structure. Coke immediately began realizing economies of scale and scope, as well as low-cost production from a globalization strategy that enables product design, manufacturing and marketing to be standardized throughout the world. Corporate communication if strategically implemented within an organisation helps build favourable corporate reputation, which in turn is influenced by corporate identity, behaviour, symbolism and has an impact on organizational performance (van Riel and Balmer, 1997). According to Argenti (1998) corporate communication model below (Figure 2), an organization communicates to its stakeholders through messages and images, who then respond by associating themselves with that particular organization. It affects the perceptions of stakeholders about the organizations prospects and so influences the resources that would be available to them (Fombrun and van Riel, 2006). Image, Identity and Reputation, Crisis Management, Community Relations and Corporate Ethics, Employee Relations and Human Resource Management (HRM) are all essential functions of an organization that depend on effective corporate communication to be successfully implemented. 2.1 Image, identity and reputation Corporate identity is the reality and uniqueness of an organization, which is integrally related to its external and internal image and reputation according to Gray and Balmer (1998), and is a means to achieve a competitive advantage (Schmidt, 1995), while the Image of a company is the reflection of the organizations reality. It is the corporation as seen through the eyes of its stakeholders (Argenti, 1998). Corporate image has 3 dimensions: Relational dimension relationship the company has with the government, the local community and its employees; Management dimension what the corporate goals, decision-making processes, knowledge management and understanding of company objectives; Product dimension product endorsement and support, competitive advantage and promotional distinctiveness. Coca-Colas corporate communication strategy within the company includes conducting stakeholder analysis to understand their individual stakeholders needs and attitudes. This involved a series of focus groups with consumers aged 18 and over and with employees of the Coca-Cola Company. It also included interviews with customers, non-governmental organizations and the media. The consistent use of the colours red and white, the lettering and the model-wave over time is an integral part of the companys corporate visual identity and is important to all stakeholder groups. If managed effectively corporate reputation can be a valuable asset that makes an organization more resilient in todays competitive environment. Corporate reputation is influenced by the way in which the company projects its image via behaviour, communication and symbolism (Gotsi and Wilson, 2001, p. 30).It is a multi-stakeholder construct that can be used to measure how effective an organizations communication system is (Fombrun and van Riel, 2006). When information that stakeholders need to make a decision about a company is insufficient, they will sometimes turn to the reputation of that company to seal the decision. 2.2 Crisis management and culture According to Jones (2000), a good reputation acts as a buffer to companies in times of crisis. After over 200 people, including school children reported feeling unwell in 1999; Coca-Cola was forced to issue recall of its soft drinks in countries in Western Europe including Belgium, France, the Netherlands and Luxembourg (Taylor, 2000). Taylor (2000) explained in his case study that a companys public relations and communication strategy should be executed on a global scale. He did this using Hofstedes (1980) theory of cultural dimension, which explained how values are influenced by culture in differing nations. Taylor (2000) proposed that in countries with high uncertainty avoidance and high power distance, citizens reacted more strongly to this tainting crisis, by forcing the government to place bans on the sale of Coca-Cola related products, while the governments of countries with low uncertainty avoidance and low power distance did not really react to the crisis. Culture management was also needed to accurately understand the environment they were embarking on. Cultureconsists in those patterns relative to behaviour and the products of human action which may be inherited, that is, passed on from generation to generation independently of the biological genes (Parson, 1949 p. 8). Under the guidance of the new CEO, the company adopted a think local, act local approach to marketing, which highlighted the importance of addressing the cultural needs of customers in the local market. Daft maintained the view that although Coca-Cola is a global brand, customers do not drink Coca-Cola globally. As a result, Coca-Cola has been adopting a localized strategy in marketing, advertising, and public relations by carrying out extensive stakeholder analysis as seen in Figure 3. The company also adopted a risk management approach that includes financial, operational, social, environmental and ethical considerations and are of the view that by identifying these risks and the potential consequences they could have on the business, they can proactively focus on these areas and identify ways to more effectively manage their impact on their operations. 2.3 Community relations and corporate ethics Coca-Cola is now working to become a model citizen by reaching out to local communities and getting involved in civic and charitable activities. Like reputation, corporate ethics and relationship with the external stakeholders is very important for building a positive image. Coca-Colas social responsibility and corporate ethics helps build company integrity. In 1960, Keith Davis suggested that corporate social responsibility refers to business decisions and actions taken for reasons at least partially beyond the firms direct economic or technical interest. Stakeholder management is important here as it reconciles the companys objectives with the claims and expectations being made by them of various stakeholder groups. 2.4 Employee relations and Human Resource Management Human Resource Management (HRM) is one of the most important forms of management within an organization and effective communication is essential for HRM to be successful. HRM is as defined by Bratton and Gold (1999): that part of the management process that specializes in the management of people in work organizations. HRM emphasizes that employees are critical to achieving sustainable competitive advantage, that human resources practices need to be integrated with the corporate strategy, and that human resource specialists help organizational controllers to meet both efficiency and equity objectives. The Coca-Cola Company links employee (internal) communications and employee relations and believe that they are integral components needed for the success of the organization. Employee Relations, according to Heery and Noon (2001), involves the body of work concerned with maintaining employer-employee relationships that contribute to satisfactory productivity, motivation, and morale. Essentially, Employee Relations is concerned with preventing and resolving problems involving individuals, which arise out of or affect work situations. The employees are the most valued internal stakeholders, as they communicate the product to the companys external stakeholders. Internal Corporate Communication falls under the organizational management department, as seen in van Riel (1995) model of integrated corporate communication. It is defined, according to Welch and Jackson (2007) as communication between an organisations strategic managers and its internal stakeholders, [in the case of Coca-Cola , its employees] designed to promote commitment to the organisation; a sense of belonging to it; awareness of its changing environment and understanding of its evolving aims. The Coca-Cola Company follows a similar structure regarding internal communication as depicted in Welch and Jacksons (2007) model (Figure 2). Within the company, corporate messages relayed directly to employees aid in reinforcing employee commitment towards the overall organizational objectives. On the same level, direct communication between managers and their employees helps create a sense of belonging to the organization. This sense of belonging then motivates employees to promote awareness and understanding of the corporate brand to the external stakeholders. Guest (1990), in his approach to strategic HRM draws on the Harvard model (proposed by Beer et al., 1984), which was associated with the softer side HRM and the Michigan model (proposed by Fombrun, Tichy and Devanna, 1984), which proposes the hard HRM approach. Hard HRM see human resources as mainly a factor of production, an expense of doing business rather than the only resource capable of turning inanimate factors of production in to wealth. In contrast, soft HRM places an emphasis on human side of things. The soft model focuses on treating employees as valued assets and a source of competitive advantage through their commitment, adaptability and high quality skill and performance (Legge, 1995). The Coca-Cola Company incorporates both hard HRM and soft HRM within their organization reflected in the Choice Model adapted by Analoui (2002, p. 30). This model depicts a more holistic approach to HRM as seen in Figure 5 below. The Input Stage of HRM policies and frameworks This model represents the communication strategy with emphasis on HRM, being used by global organizations like Cola-Cola. It explains how the input stages of HRM policies are formulated at senior management levels based on the knowledge and information attained from internal, personal and external sources. These policies are then passed on to the functional and line management level where they are implemented, and finally ends at an output level that affects the individual, organisation and society bringing about, improved performance and effectiveness and quality of work life. This model proves effective as it takes into consideration the culture of the organization, as well as individual and stakeholders perception of the company and can be interpreted on an international basis for a company such as Coca-Cola. CONCLUSION This report critically reviews the corporate communication strategies being utilized within the Coca-Cola Company. It reflects on the nature, scope and focus of corporate communication, with emphasis on Human Resource Management and Employee Relations. It describes how corporate communication is essential for corporate image, identity and reputation to be understood by stakeholders. It explained how under the corporate communication strategy, Cola-Cola is able to formulate a more holistic approach to HR management, linking the needs of the internal stakeholders with those of its external stakeholders to achieve a more effective organization. Finally it concludes that company performance and efficiency is linked to the corporate communication strategy of an organization and how successful its implementation is. Bibliography Analoui, F (2002) The Changing Patterns of HRM. UK: Ashgate. Argenti, P.A. (1998) Corporate Communication. 2nd ed. Boston, MA: Irwin McGraw-Hill. Beer, M. et al. (1984) Managing human assets. New York: The Free Press Bratton, J. and Gold, J. (1999) Human Resource Management: Theory and Practice. 2nd ed. London: MacMillan Press. Christensen, L.T., Cornelissen, J.P. and Morsing, M. (2007) Corporate communications and its receptions: a comment on Llewellyn and Harrison. Human Relations Journal, Vol. 60 (4), p.653-661. Cornelissen, J.P. (2008) Corporate Communication: A Guide to Theory and Practice. 2nd ed. London: Sage Publications Ltd. Davis, K. (1960) Can business afford to ignore its social responsibility? California Managements Review, Vol. 2 (3), p. 70-76. Freeman, R.E. (1984) Strategic Management: AStakeholder ApproachBoston, MA: Pitman Fombrun, C.J. and Riel, C.B.M. van (2006) Essentials of Corporate Communications: Implementing practices for effective reputation management. Dawsonera [Online]. Available at https://dawsonera.com [Accessed: 08 November 2009]. Fombrun, C.J et al. (1984) Strategic Human Resource Management. New York: John Wiley Gotsi, M and Wilson, A. (2001) Corporate reputation: seeking a definition. 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European Journal of Marketing, Vol. 31 (5), p.340-355. Schmidt, K. (1995) The Quest for Corporate Identity. London: Cassell Sutherland, J. and Canwell, D. (2004) Key Concepts in Human Resource Management. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. Taylor, M. (2000) Cultural variance as a challenge to global public relations: a case study of Coca-Cola tainting scare in Western Europe. Public Relations Review, Vol. 26, p. 277-293. Welch, M. and Jackson, P.R. (2007) Rethinking internal communication: a stakeholder approach. Corporate Communications: An International Journal, Vol. 12(2) p. 177-198. https://www.cokecorporateresponsibility.co.uk/index.html (2009) [Online]. [Accessed: 27 October 2009] https://www.thecoca-colacompany.com.html (2009) [Online]. [Accessed: 15 October 2009]